人的記憶力會隨著歲月的流逝而衰退，寫作可以彌補記憶的不足，將曾經的人生經歷和感悟記錄下來，也便于保存一份美好的回憶。范文書寫有哪些要求呢？我們怎樣才能寫好一篇范文呢？這里我整理了一些優秀的范文，希望對大家有所幫助，下面我們就來了解一下吧。
北京恭王府講解詞篇一
prince gong's mansion used to be the home of "the most greedy one in allages". later, emperor jiaqing made twenty-four charges and confiscated hishouse. because the last owner was prince gong aixinjueluo yijin, it was calledprince gong's mansion.
there are two dragon veins in beijing, one is the central axis of beijing,the other is the moat. the palace museum is located at the head of the centralaxis. prince gongqin's residence is located at the intersection of the twodragon veins. he lin once said, "the emperor takes the dragon's head, i take thedragon's tail.". although the dragon's head is in charge of the overallsituation, it still needs the dragon's tail to do great things. &"listen, hoho is so ambitious that he deserves to be the first greedy person in allages.";!
there are 9999 bats in prince gongqin's mansion;. this is not a real bat,but a bat like building. in order to make himself happy, he took the homonym of"fu" and built 9999 bats;.
when you enter the door, the first thing you see is a huge bat;. this is abat like pond called "fu chi";. rockery and gravel are randomly scattered on thebank of the pool. around fuchi, elms are planted. the fruit and leaf of elms arelike copper coins. whenever the fruit and leaf of copper coins fall into fuchi,hexiang will laugh and laugh: & lt; money falling from the sky enters my& lsquo; cornucopia & gt;, and the money on the ground also flows intomy bag. &"that's true!
we followed the gurgling water of fuchi and came to a door. this is abeautiful western gate with bright colors and fine workmanship. it is said thatthis is one of his 24 counts. because this western gate was made after thewestern gate in the royal garden.
after entering the western gate and bypassing the stone carving of "songziguanyin", it is the opera garden of the ho family. in front of the play gardenis a garden, with some flowers in the trim bushes. the play "xiangfei playsbutterfly" in huanzhuge was shot here. only two places in beijing are coveredwith green bricks. one is the taihe hall in the forbidden city, and the other isthe stage of the ho family. because the sound amplification effect of greenbrick is very good, singing on the stage does not need any sound amplificationtools. in such a large theater, everyone can hear music, and it is also a greathonor to stand on the stage full of green bricks and sing for the powerfulministers such as he lu.
through the well carved zhulan corridor, you come to the study of he study is surrounded by rockery and bamboo groves, quiet and quiet. the wholegongqin palace is not built with stone bricks. this study is made of a specialkind of bamboo. it's warm in winter and cool in summer. he likes to stayhere.
out of the study, the magnificent building in front is the main hall — & mdash; where he lin meets visitors. to get to the main hall, thereis a very special road. there is only one ladder, and then there is a straightand gentle slope. because he said that in his life, he had suffered only when hewas young, and then he went all the way to the peak of power. we can cross thebottom of the ladder, avoid suffering, and go straight to the top;.
there is a story: when the empress dowager of xiaozhuang was very old andsick, she loved her grandson emperor kangxi very much and was very depressed. heasked su malagu, his maid, to prepare her pen and paper, and with a stroke ofher pen, she wrote "fu". after finishing the writing, xuanye and su malagu lookat the word "fu" and are stunned & mdash; & mdash; the word is powerfuland natural. if you look closely, you can see many phrases: more fields, moresons, more talents, more longevity & hellip; & hellip; isn't this thewish of the emperor's grandmother? the more emperor kangxi saw it, the moresatisfied he was, he ordered people to put the word "fu" on a huge stone. as aresult, the empress dowager, who had been ill for a long time, soon r kangxi was so happy that he decided to pass on this auspicious andauspicious stone from generation to generation, so that the aixinjueluo familycould prosper from generation to generation.
unfortunately, when it reached qianlong, it was stolen out of the person is he lin. now this stone is at the foot of our main hall, onlyshowing the side with the word "fu". this & quot; blessing & quot; isthe 10th blessing of prince gongqin's mansion, which means & quot; tenthousand blessings & quot;. he shen also said with an air: & lt; theemperor is & lsquo; long live & gt; and i am & lsquo; wanfu >! & gt; later, when emperor jiaqing copied his house, he wanted to movethe fushi back to the palace, but he didn't. he lin was too cunning. he built abat like fushan mountain with stones and built a dragon on the left and right ofthe word "fu", implying that "the dragon sits on the river and mountain".emperor jiaqing didn't want to destroy himself, so he left the stone.
北京恭王府講解詞篇二
prince gong's residence is located in qianhai west street, xichengdistrict, beijing. it is the largest palace in qing dynasty. it was successivelyused as the residence of the corrupt official and prince qing. later, it wasgiven to prince gong yixin, hence the name of prince gong's residence, which isstill in use today. prince gong's residence has gone through the historicalprocess of the qing dynasty from its heyday to its decline, so there is a sayingthat "a prince gong's residence, half of the history of the qing dynasty".
&this is the description of prince gong's residence in historicalbooks. in terms of its location, it occupies an excellent position in thecapital. the ancients paid great attention to fengshui in building houses andgardens. it is said that there are two dragon veins in beijing. one is the earthdragon, which is the dragon vein of the forbidden city; the other is the waterdragon, which refers to the line between houhai and beihai. prince gong'sresidence is just on the connecting line between houhai and beihai, which is thedragon vein. therefore, fengshui is very good. the ancients took water as theirwealth. they found water everywhere in prince gong's mansion. the water of thelargest pavilion in the center of the lake was introduced from yuquan lake, andit only entered but did not flow out. therefore, it is more in line with thetheory of geomantic omen. china's top ten marshals and guo moruo and others alllived near prince gong's residence and lived a long life. it is said that theplace with the largest number of long-lived people in beijing is near princegong's residence. this place is really a treasure land of geomantic omen.
prince gong's mansion is composed of two parts: mansion and garden. it isabout 330 meters long from north to south and 180 meters wide from east to covers an area of 61120 square meters, including 32260 square meters ofmansion and 28860 square meters of garden. the mansion is not only spacious, butalso the highest standard of architecture. the obvious signs are the front doorand the number of houses. there are five front rooms, seven main rooms, fiveback rooms, seven back rooms, and a side room on the left and right. there mustbe no more royal mansions than these. the form of the house and the color of thetiles should not exceed the standard. there are three courtyards in the middle,east and west roads of prince gong's mansion, and the back two courtyards ofeach road are the main areas for people to visit.
the mansion building is spanided into east, middle and west roads, each ofwhich is composed of multiple courtyard buildings running through the strictcentral axis from south to north.
the main buildings on the middle road are yin'an hall and jiale hall. theroof of the hall is green glazed tiles, which shows the majesty of the middleroad and the identity of the prince. the front courtyard of east road is calledduofuxuan. in front of the hall, there is a vine that has been growing for morethan 200 years. it is still growing very well. it is extremely rare in thecapital. the main room of the backyard on east road is called "ledotang", whichwas the living place of prince gong yi xin. the siheyuan on the west road isrelatively small and exquisite. the main buildings are baoguang room andxijinzhai. the most exquisite work is xijinzhai, which belongs to thehigh-profile school. there are exquisitely carved sections of nanmu in the hall,which is in the style of ningshou palace in the forbidden city (this is one ofthe "twenty crimes" of hezhen's being condemned to death). in the deepest partof the mansion, there is a two-story back cover building, 156 meters long fromeast to west. there are 88 windows on the back wall. there are 108 rooms in thebuilding, commonly known as "99 rooms and a half", which means "when you getthere, you will get rich".
it's called "langrun garden" or "cuijin garden". it's commonly known asgongwangfu garden. wandering in the garden is like walking in the mountains andrivers. echoing the residence, the garden is also spanided into east, west andeast. the entrance of the middle road is a white marble arched stone gate withwestern architectural style, centered on the stele of "fu" written by emperorkangxi, with dulefeng and bat pool in front and green sky xiaoyin and bat hallin the back. the layout is memorable. the grand theater hall on the east road isdecorated with fresh and beautiful decoration. the purple flowers of twigs andvines are in full bloom, making people feel like watching the opera under thevines. at the south end of the theater, the ming daozhai, the winding pathleading to seclusion, the hanging green yue, the singing fragrance and thedrunken moon, and the liubei pavilion constitute the garden in the garden. inthe garden, there are towering ancient trees, lots of strange rocks, wateraround the mountains, pavilions, pavilions and corridors. the landscape of thegarden under the moonlight is ever-changing, with a unique cave. many chineseand foreign tourists come here, looking for the past of green mountains, clearwaters and winding paths.
prince gong's residence, located in qianhai west street, was built in 1776& mdash; 1785. it was originally the private residence of he li, a favoriteminister of qianlong in qing dynasty. after he li was killed in jiaqing forcorruption, the private residence here was given to king qing. during the reignof tongzhi, because prince gong yixin cooperated with cixi to launch a coup,empress dowager cixi gave the house to him and became prince gong'sresidence.
the hall of silver luan is the main building of prince gong's residence. asthe main hall of the palace, it can only be opened when there are importantevents and festivals, which plays a role of etiquette. in the early years of therepublic of china, due to an accidental fire, the main hall was burned togetherwith the east and west side halls. now the courtyard of yin'an hall isrebuilt.
the architecture in the period of hetao. there is a plaque on the side ofjiale hall. it is suspected that the plaque was given to hezhen by emperorqianlong, but there is no money and seal on the plaque, so there is no reason toconfirm it. however, hezhen has jialetang poetry anthology, which indicates thatit is the room name of hezhen. in the period of prince gong, jiale hall wasmainly used as the sacrificial place of the royal palace, where the tablets ofancestors and gods were offered, and shamanism was the main ritual. princegong's mansion covers an area of about 60000 square meters. it is spanided intotwo parts: the mansion and the garden. it has more than 30 buildings of varioustypes, with exquisite layout and extraordinary style. its garden, also known asjincui garden, has a high artistic level in layout and design. the gardenimitates the palace of peaceful longevity in the imperial palace. the park issurrounded by rockeries in the shape of "mountain". in the east, south and west,there are mounds of earth and stone. in the middle of the road, there are cavesand gullies made of fangshan stone. the top platform becomes the highest pointof the whole garden. from a high position, you can see the whole garden. princegong's mansion was rebuilt on the basis of the official's residence. among the20 major crimes he convicted in that year, there was the problem of "potentialwaste and overstepping the system" about the decoration of the eaves. forexample, the 13th section of the article "found that the house of he had a nanmuhall, and its multi box structure and partition doors and windows imitated thesystem of ningshou palace";. therefore, the decoration of the eaves of princegong's residence is unique in the culture of prince gong's residence
1、 it has the highest specifications and can be compared with the palacebuildings
the decoration of the eaves of the main halls of prince gong's mansion isnot only duobaoge and partition, but also xianlou and the sacrificial stove withpilu hat in the temple. and has the indoor rockery pool, the decoration becomesthe indoor small garden, is ingenious.
2、 there are many forms
from the leitu, we can see that there were more than 20 buildings decoratedwith inner eaves in those years, and there were many types, such as taishibi,throne bed, blue gauze cabinet, sacrificial stove, wanzi kang, several legscover, floor cover, kang cover, true and false door, xianlou, shuge, duobaoge,shunshan kang, front and back eaves kang, etc.
3、 flexible demarcation and rich space:
the main halls of prince gong's mansion are composed of solemn and solemnopen space, private space, symmetrical space, asymmetric space and flexiblespace. some are suitable to receive senior guests, some are used for shamanismsacrificial activities, some are suitable for daily life, and some are used assleep, so different space needs are appropriate.
4、 exquisite workmanship and superb skills:
it can be seen from the decoration remains of prince gong's mansion thathardwood is used. the processed wood can be made into small sections, and thecarving patterns are undulating accurately. moreover, various kinds of wagonscan be made by using circles or curves. only on the basis of fine processing canit be completed. the construction difficulty is amazing. unfortunately, most ofthe original eaves decoration of prince gong's mansion has disappeared. today,through the study of the culture of prince gong's mansion, we should furtherexcavate it, combine with the future exhibition requirements of the museum ofprince gong's mansion, and reproduce the glory of that year.
in 1776, the 41st year of emperor qianlong's reign, he lin began to buildhis luxurious house, which was called "he di";. it is said that during the reignof emperor hongzhi of the ming dynasty, li guang, the great eunuch, was onceplaced here. on the third day of the first month of the fourth year of jiaqing,emperor hongli returned to heaven. on the next day, jiaqing stripped theminister of military aircraft and the governor of jiumen from his home. it isestimated that his total wealth is about 800 million taels of silver, which isequivalent to the fiscal revenue of the qing government for 15 years. therefore,there is a saying that "when he falls, jiaqing is satisfied.". on february 22,1799, on the 18th of the first month of the same year, he was ordered to commitsuicide;. the house itself, however, is owned by prince qingyu, his youngerbrother.
at the same time, qianlong's daughter and princess xiao, who were marriedto the son of hetao, still lived in half the house. in 1851, the first year ofxianfeng, prince gong yi, an important political figure in the late qingdynasty, became the third generation owner of the house and changed its name toprince gong's house, which is still in use today. &"a prince gong's mansion,half of the history of qing dynasty" is the evaluation of prince gong's mansionby hou renzhi, a historical geographer. in the early years of the republic ofchina, the palace was sold to the church by prince gong's grandson pu wei for400000 yuan. later, it was redeemed by furen university with 108 gold bars andused as a school for girls. after the founding of new china, wangfu has beenused by dormitories of the ministry of public security, fan factories,conservatory of music and other units.
prince gong's mansion is the most complete preserved building complex inchina, which is spanided into two parts: the mansion and the garden, with themansion in the front and the garden in the back. the opening of prince gong'sresidence was put on the agenda as early as 30 years ago. in 1975, premier zhouentrusted gu mu with three unfinished tasks in his hospital bed, one of whichwas the opening of prince gong's residence.
prince gong's residence was built in the reign of emperor qianlong of theqing dynasty. it was the private residence of heshi, a bachelor.
in the early years of tongzhi, yixin, the third generation of the hosthere, was the king of politics and the leader of the military plane. he was verypowerful and distinguished for a time. he built the mansion and renovated thepart of the mansion. it was at that time that the architectural scale andpattern of prince gong's mansion was finally formed.
the first half of prince gong's mansion is a magnificent mansion, and thesecond half is a deep and beautiful classical garden, covering an area of nearly60000 square meters. the mansion is dignified and solemn, simple and elegant,with bright corridors and ridges. it is second only to the imperial palace. thecuijin garden at the back of the mansion is surrounded by water and mountains,with towering ancient trees, winding corridors, pavilions and pavilions.
according to the existing literature, in this fengshui treasure land on thewest bank of qianhai in the capital, surrounded by "panlongshui", there was alarge-scale temple in the yuan and ming dynasties, which was full of incense andfull of visitors. even the emperor came here to worship the buddha. it was onlyin the middle of the 16th century that the temple was gradually abandoned andreduced to a supply factory of the ming dynasty. after the qing dynasty came tobeijing, a number of courtyards of different sizes were built here for ordinarybanners such as the house of internal affairs.
around the 40th year of emperor qianlong's reign, he lin, who was red andpurple in front of the emperor, fell in love with this fengshui treasure land,which is surrounded by water, connected to the western mountains, and not farfrom the emperor's home. he bought many properties here at a high price andbuilt them into famous "and" di ";.
prince gong's residence is known as "half of the history of qing dynasty",which is closely related to the three generations of owners living here. as weall know, the first generation of government leader he lu was a zaifu and abachelor in the late qianlong period. he was also a famous corrupt official inhistory. he attracted people's attention in the history of the qing dynasty, andthere were so many legends about him. in particular, his son, fengshen yin de,later married the youngest daughter of emperor qianlong, gu lun, and princessxiao, which made the mansion a real princess house for a while;
in the fourth year of jiaqing, he zhen died for his crime, so the emperorof jiaqing gave the house to his younger brother yongzhen, the king of is probably the most beloved of all the owners of this mansion. as earlyas when he lin was in power, all the princes of qianlong agreed that no matterwho became emperor in the future, he would be killed. but the 17th princeyonglin said: "no matter which elder brother becomes emperor in the future, iwill be satisfied if he lin's mansion is awarded to me!";
when it comes to yongyao, many people are not familiar with him. but whenit comes to his grandson, yizhe, the prince of qing who signed the "treaty ofsorrow and disgrace" with li hongzhang and the allied forces of the eightcountries, i'm afraid everyone knows about him. yi zhe is also a famous corruptofficial in modern chinese history, but compared with the cowardly andincompetent bailey in the late qing dynasty, he is still a man who dares to beresponsible and can entrust heavy responsibilities. therefore, since the tongzhidynasty, yi zhe has been favored by empress dowager cixi. before xianfengchanged his residence to prince gong, he lived here as a general of theauxiliary country.
as for prince gong yixin, he was one of the most important politicalfigures in modern chinese history. he participated in the second opium war andalmost all the major political activities after it (1853-1898). during the"xinyou coup", he helped cixi to the throne of "hanging curtain to listen topolitics"; it is no exaggeration to say that without yi xin, the whole modernchinese history, and even the later chinese history, would have beenrewritten.
if all things in the world are spiritual, then this beautiful buildingsurrounded by "panlongshui" is destined to be a miserable garden full of sadtemperament and ill fated from the day it was born.
in the fourth year of jiaqing (1799), after he was executed, emperorjiaqing gave the west half of the mansion to his seventeen younger brotheryongyu, who only wanted to live in he's house but not in the emperor's seat. thereason why they only gave him half of them was that the emperor qianlong's tenprincesses and their son-in-law, fengshen yinde, lived there at that time.
princess hexiao is the most legendary princess in the whole history of qingdynasty. her biological mother is wang's favorite concubine in the late years ofemperor qianlong. in the first month of qianlong's 40th year, when the youngestdaughter came to the world, whose temperament and appearance all resembled herfather's, the emperor was already 65 years old. although the ten princesses werewomen, they were born with spanine power. they could open ten strong bows andoften rode with their father in hunting. as a result, qianlong loved her morethan all his children. he sighed more than once: "if you are an elder brother,the throne will belong to you in the future!" indeed, the ten princesses werenot only excellent in martial arts, but also had an extraordinary mind. when hewas happy, his son-in-law relied on his father-in-law and behaved delicatelyeven though, the princess once sternly reprimanded him: "you, amar, have beengracious to my father. you don't want to repay him, but you only know how totake bribes. i'm worried about you. on the day when my wealth is not guaranteed,even i will be affected by you“
although the ten princesses' words were unfortunately right, emperorjiaqing still remembered his brother and sister's love and did not deprive himof the title of his younger sister husband. the princess and his wife stilllived in their original home. therefore, the house was spanided into two parts:qingwang's house in the west and princess's house in the east. it was not untilseptember 1823, when the tenth princess died, that the whole house came underthe name of qingwang. at that time, yongyu had been dead for more than threeyears;
after 1911, according to the regulations of the government of the republicof china on preferential treatment of qing dynasty, the palace became theprivate property of the owner. later, because of the political turmoil and thedifficulties of livelihood, the posterity kings and grandchildren came intobeing one after another
北京恭王府講解詞篇三
各位游客大家好!
恭親王府原是“千古第一貪”的和珅的家，后被嘉慶帝立下二十四條罪狀，抄了他的家充公。因最后一任主人是恭親王愛新覺羅奕讠斤，所以稱為恭親王府。
北京城兩龍脈，一是京城中軸線，二是護城河。故宮就坐落在中軸線的頭上。而恭親王府就坐落在兩龍脈相交之處。和珅曾大言不慚說：“皇上坐龍頭，我坐龍尾。龍頭雖掌大局，卻還要龍尾行大事。”聽聽，和珅野心之勃勃，真不愧“千古第一貪”!
恭親王府內，有九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。這“蝙蝠”并不是真實的蝙蝠，而形似蝙蝠的建筑。和珅想讓自己很幸福，便取“福”的諧音字“蝠”，建了九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。
進門后，首先映入眼簾的，便是一只碩大的“蝙蝠”。這是一只形似蝙蝠的池塘，名曰“福池”。池岸邊隨意錯落著假山碎石。福池周圍栽滿了榆樹，榆樹的果、葉形似銅錢，每當銅錢般的果、葉掉入福池時，和珅就會笑哈哈：“天上掉下的錢，進入我的‘聚寶盆’，地上的錢也是流入我和珅的囊袋中。”這話可真不假!
我們順著福池潺潺流水走，便來一扇門前。這是一扇精美絕倫的西洋門，色彩鮮艷，做工精細。據說這也是他二十四條罪狀之一。因為這一扇西洋門是仿造皇家園林——萬壽園里的西洋門造的。
進了西洋門，繞過“送子觀音”石雕，便是和珅家的戲園了。戲園前是一片花園，修剪整齊的灌木叢中開著些許花兒。《環珠格格》中“香妃戲蝶”這出戲就是在這里拍攝的。全北京城只有兩處是滿地青磚，一是故宮的太和殿，二便是和珅家的戲臺了。因為青磚的擴音效果十分好，所以在戲臺上唱戲不需要任何擴音工具，偌大的戲場人人都能聽到音樂，能站在遍地青磚的戲臺上為和珅等權貴大臣唱戲也是一種殊榮了。
穿過雕刻精細的朱欄長廊，便來到了和珅的書齋。書齋四面假山竹林環合，清幽寧靜。整個恭親王府，就它不是用石磚砌的。這座書齋是用一種特殊的竹料建成的，冬暖夏涼，和珅最愛待在這里了。
出書齋，前面那座十分大氣的建筑就是正殿——和珅會客的地方。要上正殿，有一條很特別的路，只有一節階梯，然后就是一條筆直平緩的坡路，因為和珅說過他這一世，只有年少時吃過苦，然后就一路平步青云，登上了“一人之下，萬人之上”的權勢顛峰。我們可以跨過最底下的一節階梯，免吃一點苦，直接“平步青云”。
有這樣一個故事：當年孝莊太后年老病重之時，極其愛戴她的皇孫——康熙帝，心情極其郁悶。他讓侍女蘇麻喇姑準備好紙筆，大筆一揮，寫了一個“福”字。寫完之后，玄燁和蘇麻喇姑看著那個“福”字驚呆了——那個字蒼勁有力，十分瀟灑。細一看，竟看見了多個詞組：多田，多子，多才，多壽……這不就是皇祖母的心愿嗎?康熙帝越看越滿意，便命人把這個“福”字拓在一塊巨石上。結果，久病多時的太皇太后很快康復了!康熙帝大喜，決定將這塊飽含吉祥福瑞氣息的巨石代代相傳，讓愛新覺羅家族世代昌盛。
只可惜傳到乾隆手中，就被別人偷出了皇宮。這個人就是和珅。現在這塊福石就在我們正殿腳下，只露出寫有“福”字的一面。這個“福”便是恭親王府的第一萬個福，寓意“萬福”。和珅還神氣地說：“皇上是‘萬歲’，我是‘萬福’!”后來，嘉慶帝抄他家時，本想把福石搬回皇宮，可還是沒有搬成。和珅太狡猾了，他用石塊砌了一座形似蝙蝠的福山，在“福”字左右各砌了一條龍，寓意“龍坐江山”，嘉慶帝不想自毀“江山”，便把福石留了下來。
恭王府概述
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王府文化是中華民族傳統文化的重要組成部分，是連接宮廷文化和平民文化的橋梁，位于北京西城區前海西街的恭王府，是中國現存王府中保存最完整的清代王府，是全國重點文物保護單位，它代表著中國的王府文化。
乾隆四十一年，即1776年，和珅開始在這東依前海，背靠后海的位置修建他的豪華宅第，時稱“和第”。有說法稱、明弘治年間、大太監李廣也曾經置第于此。嘉慶四年正月初三，太上皇弘歷歸天，次日嘉慶皇帝就褫奪了和珅軍機大臣和九門提督兩職，抄了其全家，估計全部財富約值白銀八億兩，相當于國庫十幾年的總收入，所以有“和珅跌倒，嘉慶吃飽”的說法，同年正月十八，即1799年2月22日，和珅被“賜令自盡”。而宅子本身，則歸了“愛豪宅不愛江山”的嘉慶胞弟慶僖親王永璘所有。與此同時，嫁給和珅兒子的乾隆之女和孝公主，仍居住在半座宅第中。咸豐元年，即1851年，清末重要政治人物恭親王奕?成為這所宅子的第三代主人，改名恭王府，恭王府之名由此沿用至今。“一座恭王府，半部清朝史”是歷史地理學家侯仁之對恭王府的評價。民國初年，這座王府被恭親王的孫子溥偉以40萬塊大洋賣給教會，后由輔仁大學用108根金條贖回，并用作女生學堂。新中國成立以后，王府曾被公安部宿舍、風機廠、音樂學院等多家單位使用過。
“月牙河繞宅如龍蟠，西山遠望如虎踞”，這是史書上對恭王府的描述。就其選址而言，它占據京城絕佳的位置。古人修宅建園很注重風水，北京據說有兩條龍脈，一是土龍，即故宮的龍脈;二是水龍，指后海和北海一線，而恭王府正好在后海和北海之間的連接線上，即龍脈上，因此風水非常的好。古人以水為財，在恭王府內“處處見水”，最大的湖心亭的水，是從玉泉湖引進來的，而且只內入不外流，因此更符合風水學聚財的說法。新中國十大元帥和郭沫若等人，均在恭王府的附近居住，而且都非常長壽。據說，北京長壽老人最多的地方就是恭王府附近，這個地方是一塊風水寶地。
恭王府是我國保存最為完整的王府建筑群，分為府邸和花園兩部分，府在前，園在后。恭王府的開放，早在30年前，就被提上議事日程。1975年，周總理在病床上，將三件未做完的事情托付給谷牧，其中之一就是恭王府的開放問題。
王府占地約3.1萬平方米，分為中、東、西三路建筑，由嚴格的軸線貫穿著的、多進四合院落組成。王府有門臉五間，正殿七間，后殿五間，后寢殿七間，左右有配殿。府邸不僅寬大，而且建筑規模也是王府中最高的。恭王府的中、東、西三路各有三個院落，其中每一路的后兩個院子是我們要游覽的主要區域。
現在就請您跟隨我們的講解，游覽一下這歷盡蒼桑、重現世人的恭王府吧。
門外院落
首先給您介紹一下王府主體院落之外的部分。在府邸大門外并列有東西兩組院落。
西側一組院落在三間正門兩側開有兩座罩子門通向東、西兩路院落，門的前方縱列著四排房屋，每排房屋當中各有一座阿思門，東邊的阿思門外有一座影壁。
西側院落南邊沿圍墻有兩排倒座房，是王府的辦事機構用房：前排東側為回事處、隨侍處，中間為管事處，西側為佐領處、檔子房、管領處、莊園處、置辦處等，后排為糧倉房;兩排倒座之間有東房一排，為裁房、廚房、水屋等。
東側一組院落中南邊沿圍墻也有一排倒座房，為王府的兵房，駐有護衛王府的旗兵十余名;北邊有一組四合院落，據說載瀅回府時在此居住。
當時王府的總出入門就開在東側院落的東墻上。
好了，下面我們將按照由中路入東路，轉中路進西路最后到達后罩樓的順序帶領您轉轉這重新修繕的恭王府。
正門
中路有正門兩重，均朝南。現在您要走入的是恭王府府邸的正門，大門面闊三開間，外置石獅子一對，石獅頭上的卷毛疙瘩有12排，代表親王的爵位。
經過這中路的第一個小院，接下來您還需走過這面闊5間的二門，才能進入王府的中心區域。二門內是正殿及東西配殿，其后為后殿及東西配殿。
向里走您馬上會看到的是修復后的銀安殿。
銀安殿
銀安殿俗呼銀鑾殿，是恭王府最主要的建筑。它作為王府的正殿，只有逢重大事件、重要節日時方打開，起到禮儀的作用。民國初年，由于不慎失火，大殿連同東西配殿一并焚毀。現在經過修復，雖不能與原來的完全一樣，但還是能讓您體會到它的宏偉與莊重，感受到它的神韻。
現在讓我們先去游覽一下東路的主要建筑。下一個景點是多福軒。
05多福軒
多福軒采用小五架梁式的明代建筑風格。這里是奕?的會客處，保存著一些漂亮的鳳凰彩繪，因其內部懸掛許多“福壽匾”而得名。多福軒內6個書架4個多寶格每個都是4米多高，全是用楠木復原的。
軒前院子內有古藤蘿一架，被稱為“藤瑩架”，據考已生長200多年，在北京是不多見的。因此這個院子又被稱為“藤蘿院”。
繞過多福軒，您將進入東路的最后一個院子，看到后院的正廳樂道堂。
樂道堂及嘉樂堂
這里恭親王奕忻起居的地方。奕?為皇子時，道光帝曾賜“樂道堂”匾額一方，此堂因此得名。
東路游覽完了，現在請您向西走，去參觀中路后院的嘉樂堂。
嘉樂堂五開間、硬山頂、前出廊，是和珅時期的建筑，懸掛“嘉樂堂”匾額一方。該匾疑是乾隆帝賜給和珅的，但匾額無署款，無鈐記，故無從證實。在恭親王時期，嘉樂堂主要作為王府的祭祀場所，內供有祖先、諸神等的牌位，以薩滿教儀式為主。這就印證了民間對于王府內有座神殿的傳說。
看過了銀安殿和嘉樂堂，想必您已經發現了，這中軸線上建筑物的屋頂都用綠琉璃瓦、脊吻獸，而配殿屋皆用灰筒瓦。
北京恭王府講解詞篇四
北京清，有十帝王的王子封了王位，有親王、郡王封號的有七十個。
為了顯示他們的特殊地位和便于管理，清王府一般都設在內城。
“鐵帽王府”。清初對入關有功的8家王爵，封為世襲罔替，俗稱“鐵帽王”，他們的王府就叫鐵帽王府，共有8處，5處在西城，三處在東城。
以后又封了幾個鐵帽王，共12個世襲罔替王爵。
北京有兩個恭親王，一個是順治皇帝的第五子常寧，府址在今東四十條。
另一個是道光皇帝的第六子奕*，1852年將原慶王府轉賜奕*，此處原是和珅宅，位于前海西街17號，這個恭王府是保護得最好的一個王府。
恭王府位于前海西街17號，是清規模最大的一座王府，據說恭王府總面積為一百多畝。相當于中山公園，這是至今保存最好的一座王府，曾是和珅的宅邸。
1996年10月起開放的只是恭王府的后花園，占地9畝，但其規模已經是非常可觀的。
恭王府分中東西三路，分別由多過四合院組成，后為長160米的二層后罩樓。
恭王府假山，此假山是用糯米漿砌筑成的，非常堅固，山上置兩口缸，缸底有管子通到假山上，通過往缸中灌水的辦法來增加院中的濕度，過去整個假山上都長滿了青苔。
假山正中有一康熙皇帝為其母祝壽寫的“福”字碑，這是恭王府的“三絕”之一，碑石長7.9米，貫穿整修假山。
垂花門，因門上有兩個倒垂的花卉而得名，門前的兩棵龍瓜槐在和珅居住時就有，這種樹比較珍貴。
垂花門內的牡丹院，院中有紫藤蘿架。 院子正中造形呈蝙蝠形狀的小湖。
在清的北京，往住宅中引入活水，是要經皇帝特批的，恭親王府是少有的幾個享此殊榮的王府之一。
西式門，據說在當時在北京只有3個。這也是恭王府的三絕之一，另一絕是戲樓和福字碑。
花院門內的假山石，起到影壁的作用， 名稱為“獨樂峰”。
嘉慶四年正月初三(1799年2月7日)太上皇弘歷歸天，次日嘉慶褫奪了和珅軍機大臣、九門提督兩職，抄了其家，估計全部財富約值白銀八億兩，相當于國庫十幾年的總收入，所以有“和珅跌倒，嘉慶吃飽”的說法，2月22日和珅被“賜令自盡”。
北京恭王府講解詞篇五
prince gong's residence is located in the northwest of beijing, nearqianhai in the east and houhai in the north. in the early stage, a canal fromthe northeast corner of jishuitan (west sea) water area in deshengmen bypassedthe west wall of prince gong's residence, turned outside the south wall(commonly known as yueya river), and flowed into shichahai (qianhai) throughthree bridges. facing water in the west and south, and near water in the eastand north, it can be said that it is surrounded by water and has a beautifulenvironment. by the early 1950s, the canal had been filled up to form liuyinstreet and qianhaixi street.
prince gong's residence was first built in 1776, with a history of morethan 230 years. in the fourth year of jiaqing, he was convicted and his housewas confiscated. after that, the house was spanided into two parts: the east andthe west. emperor jiaqing of the west gave the house to his younger brotherprince yonggui, and the east left it to the ten princesses. in the first year ofchengfeng (1851), emperor xianfeng gave the whole palace to prince gong yi? tolive in. so far, it was named prince gong's palace, which is still in use remember the two main masters of the garden: big corrupt official andprince gong yi?.
prince gong's residence is 330 meters long from north to south and 180meters wide from east to west. there are dozens of palaces in beijing, whichwere either destroyed or used for other purposes. only prince gong's mansion,which has been preserved in its original style, is open to the outside world. asan ancient garden of manchu royal family, it is composed of two parts: mansionand garden, covering an area of more than 60000 square meters, including 32000square meters of mansion and 28000 square meters of garden.
the buildings in the mansion are spanided into three roads: the east road,the middle road and the west road. from the south to the north, they arecomposed of many three-way quadrangles with strict central axis. the layout isclear. the east road goes to park shanghua, the middle road is solemn andsolemn, and the west road is simple and elegant. the three roads areself-contained and harmonious. in these houses, there are not only the buildingsreflecting the royal style and majesty, but also the exquisite architecture anddecoration style from the folk, which constitute the biggest feature of theroyal culture. the garden integrates jiangnan garden and northern architecture,and integrates western architecture and chinese classical garden gong's mansion is not only one of the important representatives of theqing dynasty's mansion architecture, but also an important performance of themost mature period of chinese traditional architecture and gardening skills. renzhi, a famous scholar, called it "a palace of prince gong, half of thehistory of qing dynasty".
prince gong's house was listed as a key national protection unit in 1982,and the garden of prince gong's house was opened to the public in 1988. in theprocess of my explanation, in order to better protect this precious heritage andensure the safety of your visit to the park, please cooperate. first, do notsmoke. second, do not climb rocks. third, take good care of your , take good care of the environment and do not litter in the park
1、 the first master of the mansion, he (born in 1750 a.d. in the 15th yearof qianlong and died in 1799 a.d. in the 4th year of jiaqing), was originallynamed shanbao, with the word zhizhai and the surname niuhulu. he belonged to thezhenghong banner of manchuria (once carried into zhenghuang banner, but hisfamily members were classified as zhenghong banner after being convicted).)among the eight banners, they are not aristocrats (eight banners are spanidedinto yellow flag, yellow flag, white flag, white flag, red flag, red flag, blueflag and blue flag). the yellow flag, the yellow flag and the white flag led bythe emperor were the upper three banners, the nobles and the lower five banners.)how could he be the greatest favorite of emperor qianlong if he was not borninto a noble family and had no degree of jinshi
there are five main reasons why he is favored
first, smart. he? has an amazing memory, makes a clear reading and makes asmart decision. even jiaqing affirmed that he was "smart and agile". when he wasa child, he studied in xianan palace, the best school in the capital at thattime (xianan palace is in the imperial palace, which is equivalent to thecurrent national key school. it mainly recruits the children of the internalaffairs government and eight banners officials who are both good-looking andgood-looking). he is proficient in manchu, chinese, mongolian and tibetanlanguages, and can be both civil and military. at the age of 19, he inheritedthe position of third-class light truck captain earned by his ancestors. threeyears later, there was another vacancy for the third class bodyguard, which gavehim a chance to get close to emperor qianlong.
second, the united tobacco royal family. his son, fengshen yinde, was giventhe name by emperor qianlong, which means longevity in manchu. moreover,qianlong married his 65 year old daughter gu lun and princess xiao to his sonfengshen yinde. the relationship between emperor qianlong and "he" changed fromthe relationship between master and slave, the relationship between monarch andminister to the relationship between daughter and family, and qianlong becamethe real umbrella of "he".
thirdly, according to unofficial history, i remember that when hongli wasyoung (later emperor qianlong), i once played in the palace and saw nianguifeicombing her hair. nianguifei was the younger sister of general nian genyao ofthe qing dynasty and one of the top ten beauties of the qing dynasty. her namewas nianqiuyue. hongli was moved by her beauty and secretly went over to coverher eyes from behind. qing, nian's concubine was startled and didn't know whowas behind. she picked up the hairpin and rowed back, which just cut hongli'sforehead. later, the empress learned about it, because it spread that it was notgood for hongli's reputation (she was the royal concubine of yongzheng, honglishould call her erniang. )next year, the imperial concubine hanged cried bitterly at that time, because one of his frivolous actions killednian guifei. i secretly vowed that when i became an emperor, i would meet again,not to repair this life and the afterlife. so stained with cinnabar, she printeda red fingerprint behind her ear. many years later, when hongli became emperor,he was emperor qianlong. when he first saw him, he was still a stick ng was surprised and felt that he looked like the young lady who died manyyears ago. so he stepped down from the throne and asked if there were anysisters in his family. he said that there were only two brothers, he and he?.when the emperor was disappointed, he suddenly saw a red mole behind his ear. itwas not only similar to nianguifei's face, but also the size and location of themole. so the emperor thinks that he? is the reincarnation of nian guifei. so theemperor kept him close to him and favored him. he also used his intelligence toplease qianlong. as a result, his position and status rose like a three years, emperor qianlong passed orders to promote him to theposition of official. he almost made all kinds of high-ranking officials in theqing dynasty. he had been a military aircraft minister for 23 years, and wasknown as the second emperor.
many friends come to prince gong's residence with admiration. the film andtelevision works also make a lot of hype about ho. however, there is a big gapbetween the real image of ho and the image of the film and television works. hois a real beautiful man with a white face, quick action, dignified and humorousspeech.
the second master, prince gong yi? (1833-1898), was the sixth son ofemperor daoguang. he was named prince gong in the imperial edict of emperordaoguang in 1850. he was an important and influential figure in the politicalsituation of the late qing dynasty. after the death of emperor xianfeng in 1861,he and cixi jointly launched the "xinyou coup" to eliminate eight ministers,such as sushun, which paved the way for cixi to reach the peak of power. afterthat, he was appointed as the king of political affairs, walked on the militaryplane, and participated in military affairs as a prince, which was very rare inthe qing dynasty. as a "leader", he, together with zeng guofan, zhang zhidongand other feudal officials, set off the famous "westernization movement" inmodern chinese history. under his invitation and planning, the qing governmentestablished in 1860 the first official "ministry of foreign affairs" in chinesehistory, the premier's national affairs yamen, to deal with foreign affairs. in1862, under his own planning, the qing government established the capitaltongwen school in beijing. the establishment of tongwen school was the beginningof the establishment of a new school in china. it entered the school of beijingnormal university in 1902 and became the earliest part of the establishment ofpeking university. it seems that the prince of the late qing dynasty has acertain relationship with peking university. yi? was the sixth son of emperordaoguang. at that time, he was famous for his foreign affairs. therefore, peoplenicknamed him gui zi liu, and he didn't mind. because yi? was very independentand active in politics, he was afraid of empress dowager cixi. later, he lostpower and lived in seclusion in jiehe temple. yi? became the tenth iron hat kingof the qing dynasty in 1872. he is the author of the collection of works ofledaotang. after the sino japanese war of 1894-1895, it was used again. it wasthe prime minister of the navy, the council for military affairs, and the innercourt. he died in 1898 with the posthumous title of "zhong". )
2、 scenic spots in the mansion
the main hall of the palace of yin'an, commonly known as "yin'an hall", isthe place where important ceremonial activities are held. a group of screens andthe throne of the prince are placed in the center of the hall. it corresponds tothe jinluan hall of the forbidden city. jinluan hall was the place where theemperor summoned and held important ceremonies.
the tall building you see now was newly built in this overhaul as it was inthe guangxu reign of tongzhi. the original yin'an hall, together with the eastand west side halls, was destroyed by burning incense on the night of thelantern festival on january 15, 1921.
the new construction process of yin'an hall:
the yin'an hall was built according to the strict architectural regulationsof the qing dynasty and the highest standard roof of the royal palace.
tourists, please observe the color of the tiles on the roof of the mainhall, the number of animals on the roof ridge, the number of doornails on themain door, etc. how are they different from the palace museum you can see?
the roof of the imperial palace is covered with golden colored glass, whichis the symbol of imperial power; the roof of the main hall of the royal palaceis covered with green colored glass tiles, and the roof of the auxiliary hall iscovered with gray tiles, which indicates the prince's status.
in ancient architecture, door nails were only used on board ally used to guard against the enemy's fire attack, so zhuoyi was coveredwith mud to prevent fire. doornails are usually made of copper. in the qingdynasty, the use of door nails was regulated. in royal architecture, there arenine nails for each door, nine in each direction, and a total of ninety-nine andeighty-one nails. nine is the pole of yang number, symbolizing the higheststatus of the emperor. because the imperial temple is dedicated to the emperorsof the past dynasties, it also has nine road studs; seven roads in the royalpalace take seven roads, but seven roads in the prince's palace take nine roads;further down there are five roads take five roads.
duofuxuan is commonly known as "tengluoyuan". the main hall was called"yanxi hall" in the period of peace, which was the residence of the son andprincess of peace. it was called "duofuxuan" in the period of prince gong. itwas the hall and living room of the palace. it was mainly used by the host toreceive visitors, relatives and friends or subordinates who came to report backto the official affairs. it was also used to store gifts sent by the emperor."duofuxuan" was inscribed by emperor xianfeng. it means the palace of a lot ofhappiness. the plaque of "tongde yanxi" is hung in the center of the hall, whichis intended to warn the host that only when you and the emperor have the samevirtue can you extend the xi (xi: good luck and long life). please observecarefully that the four walls of the hall near the ceiling are all hung with theinscription of "fu shou". the inscription of "fu shou" is written on the redsquare paper (i.e. "dou fang") and is placed in a shuttle shape. the inscriptionof "fu shou" is made in pairs.
since the reign of kangxi in the qing dynasty, every winter, the emperorhad to write the words "fu" and "shou" in person and give them to the king, theduke, the minister and the empress. the word "shou" will be added to every majorbirthday celebration. according to convention, the old "fu shou" dou fang cannot be removed. instead, the new "fu shou" dou fang is pasted directly on theold one, meaning "fu tian shou". now what you see is the original copy.
please carefully observe the phoenix and seal painting of qianlong periodon the roof beam. although only partial phoenix tail pattern remains, it hasspecial value. its existence confirms that fudi east road was once princessmansion.
hexi painting is also known as palace architectural painting. this kind ofarchitectural painting is the highest level painting in the qing dynasty, mostlypainted on palace buildings or buildings related to the royal family
ledaotang is the largest building on the east road and the last one toenter the courtyard. the main room is called "ledaotang". on the interior beams,there are two hundred years of colorful paintings of baojindi and phoenix in themiddle qing dynasty, which indicates that it was the residence of the princessduring the period of peace. in the period of prince gong, this is the livingroom of the prince. now the interior is displayed as it was when prince gonglived. the plaque of "ledaotang" was given to yi? by emperor daoguang expresses a father's wish for his son's happiness and auspiciousness.
he is not a prince. in the qing dynasty, when the feudal hierarchy was verystrict, why did he build such a luxurious private house in spite of large-scaleconstruction? you can see the reason from the following records.
yin de, the son of he, was born on the 19th of the first month of the 40thyear of qianlong (1775), half a month younger than princess he xiao. he andqianlong formed a family of sons and daughters, and became the most unattainablerelatives of the emperor. he jianhe house was actually built as princess house,so he jianhe house was built according to the double specifications of princesshouse and first-class officials of the imperial court
jiale hall
jiale hall is the hall name of hejin period. it is said that the plaque ofjiale hall was given to hejin by qianlong. during the period of prince gong, itwas the "temple", that is, the place where shamanism activities were held.
shamanism sacrificial activities: ancient mongolians believed in shamanismfirst. shamanism worships gods and spanides the world into three kinds: heavenabove, earth in the middle and hell below.
the most important way of shaman sacrifice is to worship ancestors andheaven. it is said that the ancestors of manchu people fell into a trap in abattle and had to hide in a big tree in a hurry. the birds on the tree did notmove, so they did not expose the ancestors of manchu people to the enemy and letthem survive. therefore, manchu people revered the birds as gods.
grand theater
the grand theater building of prince gong's mansion, built during the reignof tongzhi (1862-1874), is a place for prince gong and his relatives to watchthe opera. this theater is the only existing fully enclosed theater in china. inthe archives of the qing dynasty, theatrical buildings were called "bigtheatrical rooms". the building area is 685 square meters, and its architecturalform adopts a three volume hook and build fully enclosed structure. it is saidthat although the whole theater building is of brick and wood structure, it doesnot use an iron nail. in particular, it is worth mentioning the sound effect ofthe grand theater. in order to ensure the fidelity of the sound, several largetanks are placed under the stage. the ingenious and special structure increasesthe resonance reverberation space, so that the audience can clearly hear thesinging of the actors without any sound transmission tools at any position inthe theater. once, after a famous singer came here to sing, he excitedly praisedthat the timbre effect of the grand theater building was better than that of theconcert hall.
in the peony courtyard, the location of the theater is general, but theinside is resplendent. on both sides of the stage, the two pillars, the fourwalls and the top are all painted with twigs and vines. the scene of greenleaves and purple flowers in full bloom makes people feel like watching theopera under the vines. it is said that at that time, even empress dowager cixiwas sitting in the courtyard. prince gong worried that he would be guilty ofoverstepping the system, so he painted a lot of vines on the roof, which meansthat this is the vines rack, not the lobby. it's very kind of him. there are 20large palace lanterns hanging on the top of the shed, and 20 eight immortalstables with taishi chairs are placed in an orderly manner. the back walls of thetheater are light brown wooden lattice, with dark blue silk cloth as the bottomlining. on the south side of the hall is a stage about one meter high. above thestage, there is a black plaque with gold characters, which is written with fourseal characters of "enjoy yourself". in the south, there is an actor's dressingroom in the backstage and a stage in the front. in the north, there are placesfor vips and their wives to watch and rest. yi's birthday is in the late octoberof the lunar calendar. when holding a birthday party, a fire is needed, so thegrand theater is also called "warm building" by the government. in addition toacting, it was also the place where the wedding ceremony was held in princegong's mansion. every time the important figures in the mansion die, the theaterwill be full of couplets, buildings, cigarettes, long hanging, and monks andnuns in each temple will sprinkle sutras one after another to pass the dead.
in 1936, pu ru, the grandson of prince gong yi? who lived in the garden atthat time, celebrated his mother mrs. xiang's birthday and organized a hall playin the theater. at that time, famous actors in the peking opera circle gatheredin the grand theater and performed on the stage one after another. this is thelast meeting of prince gong's mansion. now?
北京恭王府講解詞篇六
大家去過北京恭親王府嗎?如果沒去過，那就讓我來當一回導游吧!
恭親王府原是“千古第一貪”的和王申的家，后被嘉慶帝立下二十四條罪狀，抄了他的家充公。因最后一任主人是恭親王愛新覺羅·奕讠斤，所以稱為恭親王府。
北京城兩龍脈，一是京城中軸線，二是護城河。故宮就坐落在中軸線的頭上。而恭親王府就坐落在兩龍脈相交之處。和王申曾大言不慚說：“皇上坐龍頭，我坐龍尾。龍頭雖掌大局，卻還要龍尾行大事。”聽聽，和王申野心之勃勃，真不愧“千古第一貪”!
恭親王府內，有九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。這“蝙蝠”并不是真實的蝙蝠，而形似蝙蝠的建筑。和王申想讓自己很幸福，便取“福”的諧音字“蝠”，建了九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。
進門后，首先映入眼簾的，便是一只碩大的“蝙蝠”。這是一只形似蝙蝠的池塘，名曰“福池”。池岸邊隨意錯落著假山碎石。福池周圍栽滿了榆樹，榆樹的果、葉形似銅錢，每當銅錢般的果、葉掉入福池時，和王申就會笑哈哈：“天上掉下的錢，進入我的‘聚寶盆’，地上的錢也是流入我和王申的囊袋中。”這話可真不假!
我們順著福池潺潺流水走，便來一扇門前。這是一扇精美絕倫的西洋門，色彩鮮艷，做工精細。據說這也是他二十四條罪狀之一。因為這一扇西洋門是仿造皇家園林——萬壽園里的西洋門造的。
進了西洋門，繞過“送子觀音”石雕，便是和王申家的戲園了。戲園前是一片花園，修剪整齊的灌木叢中開著些許花兒。《環珠格格》中“香妃戲蝶”這出戲就是在這里拍攝的。全北京城只有兩處是滿地青磚，一是故宮的太和殿，二便是和王申家的戲臺了。因為青磚的擴音效果十分好，所以在戲臺上唱戲不需要任何擴音工具，偌大的戲場人人都能聽到音樂，能站在遍地青磚的戲臺上為和王申等權貴大臣唱戲也是一種殊榮了。
穿過雕刻精細的朱欄長廊，便來到了和王申的書齋。書齋四面假山竹林環合，清幽寧靜。整個恭親王府，就它不是用石磚砌的。這座書齋是用一種特殊的竹料建成的，冬暖夏涼，和王申最愛待在這里了。
出書齋，前面那座十分大氣的建筑就是正殿——和王申會客的地方。要上正殿，有一條很特別的路，只有一節階梯，然后就是一條筆直平緩的坡路，因為和王申說過他這一世，只有年少時吃過苦，然后就一路平步青云，登上了“一人之下，萬人之上”的權勢顛峰。我們可以跨過最底下的一節階梯，免吃一點苦，直接“平步青云”。
有這樣一個故事：當年孝莊太后年老病重之時，極其愛戴她的皇孫——康熙帝，心情極其郁悶。他讓侍女蘇麻喇姑準備好紙筆，大筆一揮，寫了一個“福”字。寫完之后，玄燁和蘇麻喇姑看著那個“福”字驚呆了——那個字蒼勁有力，十分瀟灑。細一看，竟看見了多個詞組：多田，多子，多才，多壽……這不就是皇祖母的心愿嗎?康熙帝越看越滿意，便命人把這個“福”字拓在一塊巨石上。結果，久病多時的太皇太后很快康復了!康熙帝大喜，決定將這塊飽含吉祥福瑞氣息的巨石代代相傳，讓愛新覺羅家族世代昌盛。
只可惜傳到乾隆手中，就被別人偷出了皇宮。這個人就是和王申。現在這塊福石就在我們正殿腳下，只露出寫有“福”字的一面。這個“福”便是恭親王府的第一萬個福，寓意“萬福”。和王申還神氣地說：“皇上是‘萬歲’，我是‘萬福’!”后來，嘉慶帝抄他家時，本想把福石搬回皇宮，可還是沒有搬成。和王申太狡猾了，他用石塊砌了一座形似蝙蝠的福山，在“福”字左右各砌了一條龍，寓意“龍坐江山”，嘉慶帝不想自毀“江山”，便把福石留了下來。
我們剛才是“平步青云”而上，現在讓我們踏著龍脈下來吧。
再沿著福山前的池塘流水走，便可來和王申家的釣魚池，踩著朱色石船便可來到池中心的釣魚臺，釣魚臺南面堆砌著一些奇形怪狀的假山，池里長滿了綠色植物。北面巖上栽滿了柳樹，它們阿娜多姿的身體隨風搖擺，與池中冒個不停的水突眼相映成趣，就像自己來到了濟南趵突泉。可我回頭一看，才發現自己還沒離開恭親王府呢：釣魚臺的欄桿，牌欄上無不鏤刻著只有北京恭親王府才有的蝙蝠花紋。
釣魚池北岸上，還有一座形狀奇特的閣樓，閣樓前種滿了花草樹木，據說是恭親王奕讠斤派人按慈禧太后頭上的旗頭形狀做的。奕讠斤很是討厭慈禧太后，說：“你把我玩弄于股掌之間，我就要在你頭上作威作福!”于是，奕讠斤就建了這么一個閣樓。
游完恭親王府，我再次回首，看著這座飽經歷史風霜卻風采不減當年的府邸，心中百感交集：在這里住過的人，在自己事業走到顛峰時，卻不知自己也走上了權途與錢途的末路。
北京恭王府講解詞篇七
大家去過北京恭親王府嗎?如果沒去過，那就讓我來當一回導游吧!
恭親王府原是“千古第一貪”的和珅的家，后被嘉慶帝立下二十四條罪狀，抄了他的家充公。因最后一任主人是恭親王愛新覺羅·奕yi(四聲)?_in(三聲)(音、字同欣)，所以稱為恭親王府。
北京城兩龍脈，一是京城中軸線，二是護城河。故宮就坐落在中軸線的頭上。而恭親王府就坐落在兩龍脈相交之處。和珅曾大言不慚說：“皇上坐龍頭，我坐龍尾。龍頭雖掌大局，卻還要龍尾行大事。”聽聽，和珅野心之勃勃，真不愧“千古第一貪”!
恭親王府內，有九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。這“蝙蝠”并不是真實的蝙蝠，而形似蝙蝠的建筑。和王申想讓自己很幸福，便取“福”的諧音字“蝠”，建了九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。
進門后，首先映入眼簾的，便是一只碩大的“蝙蝠”。這是一只形似蝙蝠的池塘，名曰“福池”。池岸邊隨意錯落著假山碎石。福池周圍栽滿了榆樹，榆樹的果、葉形似銅錢，每當銅錢般的果、葉掉入福池時，和王申就會笑哈哈：“天上掉下的錢，進入我的‘聚寶盆’，地上的錢也是流入我和王申的囊袋中。”這話可真不假!
我們順著福池潺潺流水走，便來一扇門前。這是一扇精美絕倫的西洋門，色彩鮮艷，做工精細。據說這也是他二十四條罪狀之一。因為這一扇西洋門是仿造皇家園林——萬壽園里的西洋門造的。
進了西洋門，繞過“送子觀音”石雕，便是和珅家的戲園了。戲園前是一片花園，修剪整齊的灌木叢中開著些許花兒。《環珠格格》中“香妃戲蝶”這出戲就是在這里拍攝的。全北京城只有兩處是滿地青磚，一是故宮的太和殿，二便是和珅家的戲臺了。因為青磚的擴音效果十分好，所以在戲臺上唱戲不需要任何擴音工具，偌大的戲場人人都能聽到音樂，能站在遍地青磚的戲臺上為和王申等權貴大臣唱戲也是一種殊榮了。
穿過雕刻精細的朱欄長廊，便來到了和珅的書齋。書齋四面假山竹林環合，清幽寧靜。整個恭親王府，就它不是用石磚砌的。這座書齋是用一種特殊的竹料建成的，冬暖夏涼，和王申最愛待在這里了。
出書齋，前面那座十分大氣的建筑就是正殿——和珅會客的地方。要上正殿，有一條很特別的路，只有一節階梯，然后就是一條筆直平緩的坡路，因為和珅說過他這一世，只有年少時吃過苦，然后就一路平步青云，登上了“一人之下，萬人之上”的權勢顛峰。我們可以跨過最底下的一節階梯，免吃一點苦，直接“平步青云”。
有這樣一個故事：當年孝莊太后年老病重之時，極其愛戴她的皇孫——康熙帝，心情極其郁悶。他讓侍女蘇麻喇姑準備好紙筆，大筆一揮，寫了一個“福”字。寫完之后，玄燁和蘇麻喇姑看著那個“福”字驚呆了——那個字蒼勁有力，十分瀟灑。細一看，竟看見了多個詞組：多田，多子，多才，多壽……這不就是皇祖母的心愿嗎?康熙帝越看越滿意，便命人把這個“福”字拓在一塊巨石上。結果，久病多時的太皇太后很快康復了!康熙帝大喜，決定將這塊飽含吉祥福瑞氣息的巨石代代相傳，讓愛新覺羅家族世代昌盛。
只可惜傳到乾隆手中，就被別人偷出了皇宮。這個人就是和珅。現在這塊福石就在我們正殿腳下，只露出寫有“福”字的一面。這個“福”便是恭親王府的第一萬個福，寓意“萬福”。和珅還神氣地說：“皇上是‘萬歲’，我是‘萬福’!”后來，嘉慶帝抄他家時，本想把福石搬回皇宮，可還是沒有搬成。和珅太狡猾了，他用石塊砌了一座形似蝙蝠的福山，在“福”字左右各砌了一條龍，寓意“龍坐江山”，嘉慶帝不想自毀“江山”，便把福石留了下來。
我們剛才是“平步青云”而上，現在讓我們踏著龍脈下來吧。
再沿著福山前的池塘流水走，便可來和珅家的釣魚池，踩著朱色石船便可來到池中心的釣魚臺，釣魚臺南面堆砌著一些奇形怪狀的假山，池里長滿了綠色植物。北面巖上栽滿了柳樹，它們阿娜多姿的身體隨風搖擺，與池中冒個不停的水突眼相映成趣，就像自己來到了濟南趵突泉。可我回頭一看，才發現自己還沒離開恭親王府呢：釣魚臺的欄桿，牌欄上無不鏤刻著只有北京恭親王府才有的蝙蝠花紋。
釣魚池北岸上，還有一座形狀奇特的閣樓，閣樓前種滿了花草樹木，據說是恭親王奕?派人按慈禧太后頭上的旗頭形狀做的。奕?很是討厭慈禧太后，說：“你把我玩弄于股掌之間，我就要在你頭上作威作福!”于是，奕?就建了這么一個閣樓。
游完恭親王府，我再次回首，看著這座飽經歷史風霜卻風采不減當年的府邸，心中百感交集：在這里住過的人，在自己事業走到顛峰時，卻不知自己也走上了權途與錢途的末路
北京恭王府講解詞篇八
各位游客大家好!
恭親王府原是“千古第一貪”的和珅的家，后被嘉慶帝立下二十四條罪狀，抄了他的家充公，恭王府導游詞。因最后一任主人是恭親王愛新覺羅奕讠斤，所以稱為恭親王府。
北京城兩龍脈，一是京城中軸線，二是護城河。故宮就坐落在中軸線的頭上。而恭親王府就坐落在兩龍脈相交之處。和珅曾大言不慚說：“皇上坐龍頭，我坐龍尾。龍頭雖掌大局，卻還要龍尾行大事。”聽聽，和珅野心之勃勃，真不愧“千古第一貪”!
恭親王府內，有九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。這“蝙蝠”并不是真實的蝙蝠，而形似蝙蝠的建筑。和珅想讓自己很幸福，便取“福”的諧音字“蝠”，建了九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。
進門后，首先映入眼簾的，便是一只碩大的“蝙蝠”。這是一只形似蝙蝠的池塘，名曰“福池”。池岸邊隨意錯落著假山碎石。福池周圍栽滿了榆樹，榆樹的果、葉形似銅錢，每當銅錢般的果、葉掉入福池時，和珅就會笑哈哈：“天上掉下的錢，進入我的‘聚寶盆’，地上的錢也是流入我和珅的囊袋中。”這話可真不假!
我們順著福池潺潺流水走，便來一扇門前。這是一扇精美絕倫的西洋門，色彩鮮艷，做工精細。據說這也是他二十四條罪狀之一。因為這一扇西洋門是仿造皇家園林——萬壽園里的西洋門造的。
進了西洋門，繞過“送子觀音”石雕，便是和珅家的戲園了。戲園前是一片花園，修剪整齊的灌木叢中開著些許花兒。《環珠格格》中“香妃戲蝶”這出戲就是在這里拍攝的。全北京城只有兩處是滿地青磚，一是故宮的太和殿，二便是和珅家的戲臺了。因為青磚的擴音效果十分好，所以在戲臺上唱戲不需要任何擴音工具，偌大的戲場人人都能聽到音樂，能站在遍地青磚的戲臺上為和珅等權貴大臣唱戲也是一種殊榮了。
穿過雕刻精細的朱欄長廊，便來到了和珅的書齋。書齋四面假山竹林環合，清幽寧靜。整個恭親王府，就它不是用石磚砌的。這座書齋是用一種特殊的竹料建成的，冬暖夏涼，和珅最愛待在這里了。
出書齋，前面那座十分大氣的建筑就是正殿——和珅會客的地方。要上正殿，有一條很特別的路，只有一節階梯，然后就是一條筆直平緩的坡路，因為和珅說過他這一世，只有年少時吃過苦，然后就一路平步青云，登上了“一人之下，萬人之上”的權勢顛峰。我們可以跨過最底下的一節階梯，免吃一點苦，直接“平步青云”。
有這樣一個故事：當年孝莊太后年老病重之時，極其愛戴她的皇孫——康熙帝，心情極其郁悶。他讓侍女蘇麻喇姑準備好紙筆，大筆一揮，寫了一個 “福”字。寫完之后，玄燁和蘇麻喇姑看著那個“福”字驚呆了——那個字蒼勁有力，十分瀟灑。細一看，竟看見了多個詞組：多田，多子，多才，多壽……這不就是皇祖母的心愿嗎?康熙帝越看越滿意，便命人把這個“福”字拓在一塊巨石上。結果，久病多時的太皇太后很快康復了!康熙帝大喜，決定將這塊飽含吉祥福瑞氣息的巨石代代相傳，讓愛新覺羅家族世代昌盛。
只可惜傳到乾隆手中，就被別人偷出了皇宮。這個人就是和珅。現在這塊福石就在我們正殿腳下，只露出寫有“福”字的一面。這個“福”便是恭親王府的第一萬個福，寓意“萬福”。和珅還神氣地說：“皇上是‘萬歲’，我是‘萬福’!”后來，嘉慶帝抄他家時，本想把福石搬回皇宮，可還是沒有搬成。和珅太狡猾了，他用石塊砌了一座形似蝙蝠的福山，在“福”字左右各砌了一條龍，寓意“龍坐江山”，嘉慶帝不想自毀“江山”，便把福石留了下來。
恭王府概述
親愛的朋友，歡迎您使用古游網的導游服務：
王府文化是中華民族傳統文化的重要組成部分，是連接宮廷文化和平民文化的橋梁，位于北京西城區前海西街的恭王府，是中國現存王府中保存最完整的清代王府，是全國重點文物保護單位，它代表著中國的王府文化。
乾隆四十一年，即1776年，和珅開始在這東依前海，背靠后海的位置修建他的豪華宅第，時稱“和第”。有說法稱、明弘治年間、大太監李廣也曾經置第于此。嘉慶四年正月初三，太上皇弘歷歸天，次日嘉慶皇帝就褫奪了和珅軍機大臣和九門提督兩職，抄了其全家，估計全部財富約值白銀八億兩，相當于國庫十幾年的總收入，所以有“和珅跌倒，嘉慶吃飽”的說法，同年正月十八，即1799年2月22日，和珅被“賜令自盡”。而宅子本身，則歸了“愛豪宅不愛江山”的嘉慶胞弟慶僖親王永璘所有。與此同時，嫁給和珅兒子的乾隆之女和孝公主，仍居住在半座宅第中。咸豐元年，即1851年，清末重要政治人物恭親王奕?成為這所宅子的第三代主人，改名恭王府，恭王府之名由此沿用至今。 “一座恭王府，半部清朝史”是歷史地理學家侯仁之對恭王府的評價。民國初年，這座王府被恭親王的孫子溥偉以40萬塊大洋賣給教會，后由輔仁大學用108根金條贖回，并用作女生學堂。新中國成立以后，王府曾被公安部宿舍、風機廠、音樂學院等多家單位使用過。
“月牙河繞宅如龍蟠，西山遠望如虎踞”，這是史書上對恭王府的描述。就其選址而言，它占據京城絕佳的位置。古人修宅建園很注重風水，北京據說有兩條龍脈，一是土龍，即故宮的龍脈;二是水龍，指后海和北海一線，而恭王府正好在后海和北海之間的連接線上，即龍脈上，因此風水非常的好。古人以水為財，在恭王府內“處處見水”，最大的湖心亭的水，是從玉泉湖引進來的，而且只內入不外流，因此更符合風水學聚財的說法。新中國十大元帥和郭沫若等人，均在恭王府的附近居住，而且都非常長壽。據說，北京長壽老人最多的地方就是恭王府附近，這個地方是一塊風水寶地。
恭王府是我國保存最為完整的王府建筑群，分為府邸和花園兩部分，府在前，園在后。恭王府的開放，早在30年前，就被提上議事日程。1975年，周總理在病床上，將三件未做完的事情托付給谷牧，其中之一就是恭王府的開放問題。
王府占地約3.1萬平方米，分為中、東、西三路建筑，由嚴格的軸線貫穿著的、多進四合院落組成。王府有門臉五間，正殿七間，后殿五間，后寢殿七間，左右有配殿。府邸不僅寬大，而且建筑規模也是王府中最高的。恭王府的中、東、西三路各有三個院落，其中每一路的后兩個院子是我們要游覽的主要區域。
現在就請您跟隨我們的講解，游覽一下這歷盡蒼桑、重現世人的恭王府吧。
門外院落
首先給您介紹一下王府主體院落之外的部分。在府邸大門外并列有東西兩組院落。
西側一組院落在三間正門兩側開有兩座罩子門通向東、西兩路院落，門的前方縱列著四排房屋，每排房屋當中各有一座阿思門，東邊的阿思門外有一座影壁。
西側院落南邊沿圍墻有兩排倒座房，是王府的辦事機構用房：前排東側為回事處、隨侍處，中間為管事處，西側為佐領處、檔子房、管領處、莊園處、置辦處等，后排為糧倉房;兩排倒座之間有東房一排，為裁房、廚房、水屋等。
東側一組院落中南邊沿圍墻也有一排倒座房，為王府的兵房，駐有護衛王府的旗兵十余名;北邊有一組四合院落，據說載瀅回府時在此居住。
當時王府的總出入門就開在東側院落的東墻上。
好了，下面我們將按照由中路入東路，轉中路進西路最后到達后罩樓的順序帶領您轉轉這重新修繕的恭王府。
正門
中路有正門兩重，均朝南。現在您要走入的是恭王府府邸的正門，大門面闊三開間，外置石獅子一對，石獅頭上的卷毛疙瘩有12排，代表親王的爵位。
經過這中路的第一個小院，接下來您還需走過這面闊5間的二門，才能進入王府的中心區域。二門內是正殿及東西配殿，其后為后殿及東西配殿。
向里走您馬上會看到的是修復后的銀安殿。
銀安殿
銀安殿俗呼銀鑾殿，是恭王府最主要的建筑。它作為王府的正殿，只有逢重大事件、重要節日時方打開，起到禮儀的作用。民國初年，由于不慎失火，大殿連同東西配殿一并焚毀。現在經過修復，雖不能與原來的完全一樣，但還是能讓您體會到它的宏偉與莊重，感受到它的神韻。
現在讓我們先去游覽一下東路的主要建筑。下一個景點是多福軒。
05多福軒
多福軒采用小五架梁式的明代建筑風格。這里是奕?的會客處，保存著一些漂亮的鳳凰彩繪，因其內部懸掛許多“福壽匾”而得名。多福軒內6個書架4個多寶格每個都是4米多高，全是用楠木復原的。
軒前院子內有古藤蘿一架，被稱為“藤瑩架”，據考已生長200多年，在北京是不多見的。因此這個院子又被稱為“藤蘿院”。
繞過多福軒，您將進入東路的最后一個院子，看到后院的正廳樂道堂。
樂道堂及嘉樂堂
這里恭親王奕忻起居的地方。奕?為皇子時，道光帝曾賜“樂道堂”匾額一方，此堂因此得名。
東路游覽完了，現在請您向西走，去參觀中路后院的嘉樂堂。
嘉樂堂五開間、硬山頂、前出廊，是和珅時期的建筑，懸掛“嘉樂堂”匾額一方。該匾疑是乾隆帝賜給和珅的，但匾額無署款，無鈐記，故無從證實。在恭親王時期，嘉樂堂主要作為王府的祭祀場所，內供有祖先、諸神等的牌位，以薩滿教儀式為主。這就印證了民間對于王府內有座神殿的傳說。
看過了銀安殿和嘉樂堂，想必您已經發現了，這中軸線上建筑物的屋頂都用綠琉璃瓦、脊吻獸，而配殿屋皆用灰筒瓦。
