工作學習中一定要善始善終，只有總結才標志工作階段性完成或者徹底的終止。通過總結對工作學習進行回顧和分析，從中找出經驗和教訓，引出規律性認識，以指導今后工作和實踐活動。總結書寫有哪些要求呢？我們怎樣才能寫好一篇總結呢？下面是小編帶來的優秀總結范文，希望大家能夠喜歡!

2022年雅思聽力同義詞替換4大類型實例講解3篇一

雅思聽力Section One

雅思聽力場次 V101010S1

雅思聽力場景 工作咨詢

雅思聽力題型 雅思聽力填空10

雅思聽力內容概述 美國小伙子打電話在英國果園工作

1. Visa type: blue card

2. work time from July to October

3. agency (先說的 website,小伙子很快的說 better through agency)

4. busiest time: September

5. picking date decided by harvest(應該是 weather)

6. over 18ys old salary:6.50

7. accommodation: campsite

8. work by: bike

9. must work with passport

10. should bring own lunch and supply of water

雅思聽力Section One

雅思聽力場次 NEW

雅思聽力場景 找暑期工作

雅思聽力題型 雅思聽力填空10

雅思聽力內容概述 在農場找暑期兼職工作，有 fruit picking，packaging 兩種工作，中介紹了每種工作的要求和工資

1.來自哪里：Omerama

2.需要的技能：can use a ladder

3.can work under hot condition

4. must have good concentration

5. 摘果子薪金：$4.5/bucket

6. cannot work it if it in raining

7. Packaging 工資：$13.75 per hour

8. 最忙的時間 January(有兩個干擾分別是二月和十一月)

9. 住宿的地方會提供：laundry

10. Transport：即使沒有 car，也要有 bike

雅思聽力Section One

雅思聽力場次 NEW

雅思聽力場景 咨詢

雅思聽力題型 雅思聽力填空&表格

雅思聽力內容概述 垃圾回收信息

1. Garbage collection 的時間是：Tuesday,

2. 收垃圾的時間是 8.15

3. 裝食物用的可降解塑料袋在 grocery stores 可以買到

4. Any TV 不能回收

5. 垃圾按照不同的 categories 分類

6. Egg cartons 屬于可回收

7.Juice bottles

8. 回收之前要 remove the labels

9. Pizza boxes

10. 在網上提供 map

雅思聽力Section One

雅思聽力場次 待定

雅思聽力場景 酒店訂房咨詢

雅思聽力題型 雅思聽力填空10

雅思聽力內容概述 預訂海濱酒店

1. address: 61/71, KVIUA

2. March

3. nationalities: Canadian and Australian, total 7 persons

4. don’t ask for kitchen

5. need restaurant

6.最貴的房間 maximum price: $120

7. parents-in-law 房間希望有 good sea view

8. don’t mind the shared bathroom

9. guests can watch the birds

10. special requirement of the helicopter trip air view-photos

雅思聽力Section One

雅思聽力場次 NEW

雅思聽力場景 求職咨詢

雅思聽力題型 雅思聽力填空10

雅思聽力內容概述 一個人問朋友申請乘務員職位的信息

1. 聯系人：Sarah Meehan

2. Recruit

3. 日期：9 October

4. basic requirements: English and maths

5. occasional night shifts

6. good vision

7. helping customers

8. preparing food

9. cultural awareness

10. the training lasts 6 months

雅思聽力Section One

雅思聽力場次 NEW

雅思聽力場景 旅游

雅思聽力題型 雅思聽力填空&選擇

雅思聽力內容概述 野營宿營地的選擇，三個宿營地點的對比

1. first accommodation：near the supermarket

2. second one called studio

3. Second one has facility: microwave

4. near Sports Centre

5. third one：outdoor table

6. fee 219

7. salad with fruit

8. children can play . and table tennis

9. Barbecue at picnic area

10. dance with a band

2022年雅思聽力同義詞替換4大類型實例講解3篇二

How Likely Is Someone To Sexually Harass Others? This Scale Determines

雅思聽力泛聽原文

MICHEL MARTIN, HOST:

We're going to spend the next few minutes talking about one of the other major stories of recent months - excuse me - sexual harassment. In a few minutes, we'll hear a perspective on how religious institutions struggle to deal with complaints about sexual misconduct by clergy.

我們將在接下來的幾分鐘里談論最近幾個月的另一個主要故事——抱歉——性騷擾。幾分鐘后，我們將聽到宗教機構如何處理神職人員性行為不當的投訴。

While a lot of the stories have rightly focused on what happened, they often don't get to the question of why some people, mainly men, sexually harass their colleagues and others don't. And one person who's been thinking about that question since the 1980s is psychologist John Pryor of Illinois State University. Years ago, he designed a scale to measure how likely someone is to sexually harass. I started by asking him about what motivated his research and how he developed it.

JOHN PRYOR: I designed the "Likelihood To Sexually Harass Scale" using some common stereotypes about men in power situations. In fact, one of the scenarios I developed focused on the casting couch in Hollywood. So I asked college men to imagine that they had such a job and that there's a woman they're attracted to. And I asked them, how likely is it that they would offer a role in a film in exchange for sexual favors?

One of the things that let me know I was onto something when I first started working on this was that there was a high level of consistency in men's responses to this. So men who would say that they would perform this act of sexual coercion in one situation were highly likely to say they'd do it in other situations. Conversely, you see that men who said they wouldn't do it were also unlikely to say they would do it in other situations.

MARTIN: Do you find specific characteristics in the inspaniduals who are likely to engage in this conduct?

PRYOR: There are a series of beliefs that people have about sexual harassment that represent kind of a psychological underpinning for this kind of behavior - beliefs like women asking for it or women making false complaints. I can't tell you how many people I've been interviewed by ask me, what about the false complaints? Well, there are many false complaints. There are not many complaints period.

人們對性騷擾有一系列的信念，這代表了這種行為的一種心理基礎，如婦女要求這種觀點或婦女提出虛假申訴。我不能告訴你我面試過的人有多少，問我怎么了?嗯，有很多虛假的抱怨。投訴時間不多。

Some of the things that we see have to do with a lack of perspective-taking or empathy for other people. One of the other things I can tell you that's kind of consistent with that is that we can reduce the willingness of men to engage in sexual coercion - sexual harassment - by inducing them to think long and hard about perspectives of women. So that shows that, as a variable, something like taking the perspective of others is a very important thing, I believe.

MARTIN: What has struck you about - I mean, as we mentioned earlier, you started this research three decades ago. But now, the floodgates have been opened within the last couple of months, and there's all these different industries, as we've mentioned, including this one, where this behavior has been revealed. I'm just - I'm curious how you have reacted to this, as a person who's been studying this for so long.

PRYOR: One of the things that I and many others have concluded is it's a really common kind of thing to see some forms of sexual harassment in the workplace. So it's not surprising that you have all these people saying yeah, me too - this happened to me too. So I think that maybe what's surprising is why it took so long for people to come forth.

One of the things that I suspect though, with regard to why it has taken so long – and I'll speculate here - is I think that admitting that you were a target or a victim of sexual harassment is somewhat of a stigma. So people generally avoid identifying themselves as having some kind of stigmatizing characteristic or stigmatizing behavior they've encountered.

But when you start to see people coming forth in public, one of the things you do is you start to remove some of the stigma. So what we see is when women hear other women say, oh, this happened to me, this happened to me, and you think, yeah, it happened to me, and they're less likely to think they're going to be treated negatively for coming forth and saying that it happened to them.

MARTIN: John Pryor is a distinguished professor emeritus at Illinois State University. He created the "Likelihood To Sexually Harass Scale." We talked to him at the studios at Illinois State University. Professor Pryor, thanks so much for speaking with us.

PRYOR: Thank you, Michel. It's nice to talk to you.

雅思聽力高頻詞匯

Stereotype 刻板印象

Sexual harassment 性騷擾

Perspective 觀點

distinguish 區分

complaint 抱怨

characteristics 特點

2022年雅思聽力同義詞替換4大類型實例講解3篇三

雅思聽力同義替換之近義詞替換

顧名思義，近義詞替換是通過近義詞的方式來展示題目和錄音內容的聯系，這種同義替換也是所有同義替換類別中最基本、最容易掌握的形式。考生若是對單詞的近義詞十分熟悉，那么便可以輕松解決這類問題。

例1 Most useful language practice： learning 23 vocabulary (《劍5》Test 2 Section 3第23題)

分析 該題是一道表格填空題，需要考生補充最有用的語言練習是什么。通過審題，考生可以發現本題的最佳定位詞應該是vocabulary，而空格中缺少的應該是一個修飾vocabulary的定語成分。根據定位詞vocabulary，考生可以在錄音中聽到這句話：“I also learnt some technical words that I hadn’t heard before.”在這句話中，考生發現通過一個正式和非正式的同義詞轉換，題干中的定位詞vocabulary在錄音中被替換為words，由此考生就找到了答案信息所在的位置。錄音中words的修飾詞為technical，所以technical為本題答案。

以上是一個名詞近義詞替換的例子，但對于廣大考生而言，在做題過程中感覺更讓人頭疼的是動詞或形容詞的近義替換，因為這類詞的替換更加靈活。不過，如果考生能夠掌握相應的解題方法，也可輕松解題，如下例所示。

例2 STOP B： has good 16 of city centre (《劍7》Test 2 Section 2 第16題)

分析 該題也是一道表格填空題，讓考生補充完整景點B有何特色。按照定位詞選名詞不選動詞的原則，考生在處理本題時傾向于選city centre作為在錄音中定位答案信息的定位詞。通過of的所有格結構，考生可以判斷出空格處應填名詞。根據定位詞，考生在聽錄音時，會把答案信息定位在下面這句話：“This is a place where you can sit and enjoy the wonderful views over the old commercial and banking centre of the city.”在這句話中，考生不難發現，centre of the city在句末出現，centre前還加入了冗長的修飾成分the old commercial and banking。在考試中，考生聽到centre of the city時，可能已經忘了該句前面的內容了，因此很難準確找出題目答案。

如果換一種方式進行定位，效果會不會不同?這一次考生可以試試利用題干中的形容詞good以及good和空格處應填詞匯之間修飾與被修飾的關系在錄音中定位及尋找答案。這樣一來，考生很容易在錄音中找到good的近義替換詞wonderful，從而找到緊跟在其后面的詞語views。所以，views即本題答案。

在考試時，很多考生會避免選題干中的形容詞或動詞定位。但是筆者認為，如果題目中空格前后的形容詞或動詞屬于基礎詞匯，而且考生也比較熟悉其近義詞，不妨將這些詞歸入定位詞之一，很多時候可以快速幫助解題。

雅思聽力同義替換之同根詞替換

很多非英語專業的考生可能對同根詞的概念比較陌生。同根詞指的是詞根相同、詞意相近/相反的一組詞。比如excite和excitement即為一組同根詞。同根詞在考試中出現次數較多，但很多時候考生并不能很好地掌握住這類同義替換，主要是因為在發音過程中，很多同根詞由于詞綴的變化會導致發音、重音等的一系列變化，這使得對發音不熟悉的考生在聽錄音時無法及時辨認出這些詞屬于同一個“單詞家族”，最終導致定位答案失敗。

例 Reading sessions help students to read ___________

A.analytically.

B.as fast as possible.

c.thoroughly. (《劍4》Test 3 Section 3第24題)

分析 通過審題，考生應該大致理解了題干的意思是“閱讀課幫助學生讀得___________”，也就是要考生填寫學生閱讀的效果。考生可以通過題干中的定位詞reading和session在錄音中定位到答案信息：“With reading， there’ll be sessions aimed at getting into the habit of analysing material as you read it …”之后，根據錄音中的“getting into the habit of …”(養成……的習慣)找出答案。但是錄音中使用的是analysing，它與題目選項A的analytically的發音出入較大。因此，很多考生即便聽到了analysing這個詞，也不能及時將它與analytically聯系起來，最后導致丟分。因此，從這道題來看，聽力中同根詞考查的難點為重音及發音的變化，類似的同根詞還有theatre—theatrical、deep—depth、analysis—analyse等。這要求考生平時在記憶單詞時不僅要注意拼寫上前后綴的變化，同時要注意發音的差別。

與此同時，在運用同根詞替換時，考生也要小心同根詞的“反義替換”，因為有些詞綴本身就有相反的意思，比如in-、un-、il-、-less等就表達相反含義，所以考生在聽的時候要對這些表示相反意思的詞綴做到心中有數。

雅思聽力同義替換之類別詞替換

類別詞即對一類事物的統稱，比如中文里用“學科”統稱學校里的某類課程，或者用“動物”統稱獅子、老虎等。那么英語里同樣有類似的對應詞，比如subject、animal。這類單詞在雅思聽力中出現的頻率非常高，且往往在“神不知鬼不覺”中被偷偷替換掉。下面通過實例來看一下這類替換的特點及方式。

例1 Produce from the area was used to 31 the people of London. (《劍6》Test 1 Section 4第31題)

分析 通過題干中was used to的結構，考生很容易推測出空格處應填入動詞，聽錄音時的定位詞可以選people或主語produce。Produce作名詞時意思是“農產品，產品”。錄音中提到下面這句話：“… consisted of farmland with crops and livestock which helped to feed that population.”在此處，考生會發現題干中的people與錄音中的population進行了近義詞替換，而produce在這里沒有重現也沒有近義詞出現。但在這句話中，考生卻發現了crops and livestock(莊稼和牲畜)這個表達，換句話說，類別詞produce在這里被兩個具體的例子替代了。這便是類別詞替換的一大特色。考生在做題時，如果發現題干中有概括性的類別詞，那么要注意想想屬于該類別的例子都有哪些，對應的單詞是什么，以幫助自己適應可能在錄音中出現的類別詞替換形式。這種類別詞替換在選擇類題目中經常出現，如下例所示。

例2 Dr Merrywhether thinks Antarctica was part of another continent because ___________

A. he has done his own research in the area.

B. there is geological evidence of this.

c. it is very close to South America. (《劍7》Test 2 Section 3第26題)

分析 這道題目問的是“Dr Merrywhether認為南極洲曾屬于另一個大陸是因為什么”。在錄音中，考生可以聽到Dr Merrywhether提到：“… because fossils and rocks have been discovered in Antarctica which are the same as those found in places such as Africa and Australia.”在這里，fossils and rocks代指了選項B中的類別詞geological evidence，而places such as Africa and Australia替換的是題干中的another continent。在這道題目中，無論是題干還是答案，都用類別詞與錄音中的表述進行了替換。類似的替換形式在選擇題中還有很多，可以參考《劍7》Test 3 Section 4中的選擇題去復習這類替換。

雅思聽力同義替換之數量詞替換

在考試中，數量詞替換常出現的形式是形容詞與數量詞間的替換，也就是通過數量詞表達與形容詞同樣的意思。比如，我們既可以直接說“這個書包可真貴”，也可以說“這個書包花了我2000塊錢啊”，兩句話表達同一個意思。在這兩句話里，“貴”和“2000塊錢”進行了替換。這種替換由于有著較高的隱蔽性，往往成為考生定位答案時的漏網之魚。

例 When investing in stocks and shares，it is suggested that women should put a high proportion of their savings in 40 . (《劍5》Test 1 Section 4第40題)

分析 在這道句子填空題中，通常考生會選用題干中的a high proportion作為本題在錄音中的定位詞。在錄音中，與這句話對應的答案信息是：“It is usually advised that at least 70% of a person’s savings should be in low-risk investments …”考生發現，從聽的角度來講，這句話的一大亮點便是出現了70%這個數字，而這個詞與a high proportion意思相近，可以互相替換。由此，考生便能輕松找出本題的答案low-risk investments。這類替換往往出現在選擇題或搭配題中，類似的考點詞還有too long—fortnight、regular—every six months等。

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